Telegraphy



Feb. 7; 192s.

W. M. BRUCE. JR

TELEGRAPHY Filed June 23. 1924 Feb. 7, 192s. 1,658,404

w. M. BRUCE, .1RA

TELEGRAPHY- y Filed June 23. 1924 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Mmm Feb. 7, 1928.

' 1,65sg4o4- W.- M. BRUCE, JR

TELEGRAPHY u 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 www@ www

Feb. 7, 192s. 1,658,404

W. M. BRUCE, JR

TELEGRAPHY Fileduime 2s, 1924 sheets-sheet 5 fr. @H @13 lmateiited Feb.7, 1928.

WILLIAM ivi. BRUCE, Jn., on srnrnerinnn; orafo.

TELEGRAPHY.

Application sied June es.

My invention relates to improvements in telegraphy and it especiallyrelates'l to methods and apparatus for operating printers over longlines or `submarine cahles having large capacities although itis adapted for almost any hind of telegraphy. p

ne of the principal objects of this invention is to obviate the use ofsynchronizing mechanism at `repeating orv receiving stations, Where longlines or a chain of linesv or cables are used.

ln the present state of the art it has been necessary to provide someform 0f synchronizing mechanism at repeating or receiving stations inorder that the signal impulses may be applied to the particular` work tobe performed and within the proper time element. rEhese synchronizingdevices have been of various forms, thosewhich are corrected locally bymeans of tuning forks and similar devices and others which have heencorrected by the line signal. ln all cases, however5l of which I amaware more or lessintricate and expensive mechanismis necessary in orderto effect this synchronism.

my improved method I dispensev With these synchronizing devices bysupplying reversals to the conductor from anl ordinary terminal batteryand supplying ythese reversals by constantly operating mechanism whichwill cause'these reversals ofv What l term a fundamental frequencytother line or conductor at all times. Such reversal will be supplied at aYspeed Which yis proportioned to the ultimate speed at Which theconductor 'is ciipable of passing these impulses. rl`hese impulses Yarenot of a. con`- tinuous alternating current character but are brokenimpulses formed by'any satisfactory pole changer and as before statedwill be supplied constantly to the conductor over which the signalimpulses are to be transmitted. i i

it the receiving end these impulses Will be applied to a suitablereceiver Which'xvill impart to apparatus at receiving station the samereversals and at the same speed. so as to-repeat these reversals Vor thefundamental frequency into other conductors ory other apparatus and attheterminal receiving-.sta` tion. utilizing these reversals foroperating the mechanism of the printer orotherterminal r' feivingdevice. f

These reversals it should he understood'` are independent ofthesignalimpulses and are transmitted to the conductor continuieefi. serialno. 721,71?.

ously whether signal impulses are supplied to the conductor or not. Theymay be supplied from the saine source of current or from a differentsourceas Will be pointed out more particularly `lieieinafter.but theunderlying feature of the invention is to provide means for operatingrepeating apparatus or translating apparatus such yas printers fromthese continuous reversals of what I have before referred to as afunuamental frequency. l

In using the Words fundamental frequency it should be herne in mind thatthis frequency need not be const-ant but is Vused only in the sense thatfundamental frequencies operate certain intermediate and terminalapparatus as distinguished from the signalling impulses which per sehave no part in the operationof the apparatus except that part of itwhich relates specilically to the signal itself.

llhese fundamental frequencies it should be understood are notnecessarily constant because if the speedk of the frequency shouldincrease or decrease the intermediate or terminal apparatus thereby willbe correspondingly increased 'or decreased 'since such apparatus isoperated Wholly by said reversals or fundamental frequencies.

There are other features of the invention in connection viththese-fundamental ideas there being indicated a transmitting station Vatone end of a submarine cable7 a receiving station at the other withrepeating mecha-l msmy fory repeating the fundamental fre- -Figla is adetail showing an arrangement of a transmitting tape and thecorrerquencies as Well as the signalling impulses Vinto a succeedingcable.

.spending current impulsesv supplied to the` conductor for operating thetranslating device such as ak printer of the five unit code.

2 is a diagrammatic view of a receiving orfrepeating station of somewhatmodified form and showing means for utilizing the fundamentalfrequencies .at ajreceiving station for furtherr operation of terminalor repeatingapparatus. j.

Fig. isa detail view showing an addi tional modilication'at a receivingor repeating station.

lll)

ot turthcr modiiications.

eterrinp` to Fig. l, a is a continuous irotating' pole changing devicehaving segments al and a2 which are traversedby arotating` brush a.These segments 1:1 and a2 are connected by Wires and 2 to relays and 1which are connected at theother end by a common battery wire 3 throughbattery to the brush a3. These relays land b1 may be theordinz'lry cabletransmittingrelays adapted at they are successfully operated to putposl-ti.'e or negatiif'e current from the batte-ry ml through wire l tothe apex of' the cable or conductor 5in the'usual Way.

Between the-'cabletransmitter and the cable l have shoivn resistance andcapacity which is preferably used in aivell lr'noivn man-ner. to roundoutl the impulses Which .come from the-battery m1 asthe relays band? o1`are successively operated.

At: the receiving station Wehave a suitable receiving-device 0preferably of the galvanometer: or movable coil type, the movable coil.c1 of which is preferably supplied with a corltacting` device c2operating-inconnection with a rotatino. drum d. Thisrotating drun'rdihastour segments d?, cl2, d3 andai4 the inner segments d1 and d?beingfutilized for; transmitting `the Lundinental frequencies and theouter segments (Z3 and (Z4 for transmitting the signal impulses as Willbe hereinafter more' fully described. For the presentitve may consideronly the inner segments Z1 and d?. 'llhese segmentsl are connectedzbysuitable brushes and circuits 6and 7 to relaysb2 and o3 which throughthe common.

battery Wire 8 and battery m2 and Wire 9. (from the battery m2) to themovablecontact c2 Will causefthese relays 252 and3 yto operatesuccessively as the moving Contact c2 engagesrespective segments Z1 orcl2 of the drumzd. rllhese relays b2 and 3 to all intents andpurposesare identical With the trans mitting relays l) and bland they areadapted as successively operated to supply positive or. negative currentfrom battery r4 through Wire l0 to other apparatus orv conductors suchasa` cable 5a.

.Considering noW the apparatus as describednp to this time it will beseen that as the han-d t3 ol? the pole changer c is set inrotationithetransmitting relays o and (7)1 Will be successively operatedand-supply current from earthat g through batter-y m1 to the conductor 5in exactly the same way that positive andnegative impulses are suppliedto a cable through an ordinary cable transmitter. These impulses Will inturn operate the receiver c to cause the movable contact c2 to movefirst in one direction and then in the other in engagement with thesegments all and Z2 ot the rotating drum (Z which will in turn operatethe t ansmitting relays o2 and Zr* and transmit these same reversalstoother apparatus or to a succeeding cable 5*L as described.

ldassing for the moment to Fig. 4, 4 represents a terminal receivingstat-ion in which employ the'same receiver o with a movable coil c1,contact c2, drum CZ with the segments (/n (Z2. d@ nl" as :n thereceiving station in Fig. l. rhe contact c2 and the segments (Z1 and CZ:of the drum are in this case in circuit with a-polarized relay e and adivided bat` tery the circuit being traced from contact c2 `by Wirell,polar relay e, Wire'lQto the center of the battery mthence by wire 13 toone side of the-battery to Contact d1 and by Wire 14 from the other sideof the battery to Contact' d2.- rlisthe contact 02 moves frein side toside in response to the rcversalsrece'ired 'from the cable 5 orI otherconductor it will be seen-that the polar relay c Willbc movedin onedirection or the other in response tothe positive or negative impulsesy"from the divided battery m5.

ln thisFig. l5 represents-the usual distributinpp device-ot a ve unitcode printer Whose rotating handor'brusn f1 is rotated by the usualmechanism forming a part of this distributing;` device. This mechanismis shown in a diagrammatic form in the 'form of an escapement Wheel f2operated by a payvl f3 which in turn is operated by an electroemagnetf4: This may be considered as typical only as any form-otl mechanismsuch as nowused may be employed for causing` the rotationot the hand f1over the segments of` the distributor.

hefrn .net lsincircuit with the mov-A ing contacter. armature el ofthepolar relay c which'is connected-by Wire lto the magnet ft'thence byWire 16 through battery as to stationary contacts on opposite sides ofthe armature fel, so that as the polar relay is operated in response tothe reversals ork fundamental frequencies from thetransmittinggstationthe motor mechanism for the distributor will be operated in responsetheretov and will cause this distributor tomove atfeX-act'ly the samespeed as the transmitting relays. inasmuch as the reversals from thetransmitting' relays operate or control the mechanism tor thedistributor it will be seen that they will operate-in unison even thoughthe speed ot the fundamental frequencies should change.

This in a Waj, explains the methody of oper ting repeaters and theterminal translating' device in response to reversals otcurrent from anordinary batteny or'other source ot direct current supply and by theusual make and break transmitting mechanismas 'now' employed in cableand similar transmission.

lt noir rrr-meins to describe ne method et lio ., r (si) frll supplyingthe signal impulses and as before stated these may be supplied from thevsame source of energy or from a different source. In the drawings Ihave shown' a method and means for supplying` these signal impulses fromthe same source of energy by providing a resistance which is normally incircuit with the terminal battery and the transmit-r ting device andwhich Will decrease the po` tential su'liiciently to cause thecontacting device c2 of the receiverl c to move only to the innercontacts Z1 and (Z2 of the drum d When the fundamental frequencies `orreversals are being` transmitted and vI further provide means forshunting this resistance when a signal impulse is being` transmitted sothat the full potential of the battery will be supplied when asignalimpulse is'being sent which Will cause the Contact 02 of thereceiver 0 to move to the, outer contacts di and d4.

Referring to Fig. l with the contacting brush a3 on the segment a4 therelay b1 will be operated from battery .fr through the brush as, segmental, Wire l, relay Y), Wire 3 and battery In this position circuit may betraced from earth at g tl'irough the battery m1, resistance r, vvire ito cable 5. As the brush passes oif of the segment al and before itcontacts With-segment a the arma- .ture of relay b would drop back' andthe cable vvould be earthed in the usual Way. is the brush contacts withsegment a2, relay b1 will be operated andv the circuit would be i tracedfrom around g 'resistance r, battery w1, line e to cable 5 sending` animpulse ot the opposite polarity into the cable but in both instancesthrough the resistance r which will cut down the movement of thereceiving device c so that its rcontact 02'Will engage only the innersegments Z1 and Z2 of the drum Z but in a successive manner iirst oneand then the other.

When a sivnalimpulse is kto be trans` mittted means are provided forshunting the resistance r so -that the particular' impulse Which ispassing into the cable at the moment When this resistance is shuntedvWill be of a greater potential than and in phase vvvith the fundamentalfrequency and will cause the receiver c to move its contact c2 in alarger amplitude and engage one of the segments (Z3 and cl* ontherotating' drum.

In this improved system the signal Mtransmitting device may be asinglelrey or circuit breaker as the signal element is to be applied Y to aparticular segment on the printerdistributor and it Will. operateWhether signal impulse ofincreased potential is a positive or negativeimpulse. o

I have shown in diagrammatic form the mechanism for this purpose. it thelower lett hand corner of Fig. l there closer p which may represent theusual peclei pin of an automatic cable transmitter.

. the brush 0,3.

llays s1 and S2.

is a circuit This circuit closer through Wire 17, battery ai?, Wire i8,relay a, and Wire 9.5 will when the circuit closer is operated operatethe relay s. The cable. transmitter will be on the same shaft with thebrush as and there is also arranged on that shaft cam device'for'acircuit closer p1 which with the armature 2l of the relay s and Wire 22will form hold ing circuit of the usual form to hold the relay operatedduring a half revolution of The operation of the relay s through itsarmature 21 also closes a' circuit through Wire 23 to the resistance rand from a point between resistance r and tl'ie battery x1 by Wire 24 tothe armature 2l, hence so long as the relay s is operated theresistance. r will be shunted through the last named circuit andduring ahalf revolution of the Wiper o3 the full potential of the battery :dwill be supplied to the cable instead of the limited potential of Vthefundamental ffrequency. It will be understood that yat each halfrevolution the circuitfcloscr p1' will be V,opened by suitable cammechanism on the shaft which operates the Wiper a3 ofthe pole changerand the automatic cable transmittel' p.

n In Fig. l, I haveshovvn an arrangement of the tape for the automatictransmitter for transmitting the letters a and in a tive unit code, theopenings in the center of the tape being the usual. center holes andthose at the top edge of the tape being the perforations through whichthe pecl'rer pin is operated for transmitting these impulses. Im-

mediately below this tape is shown they characteristics of the impulseswhich will be transmitted to the cable, the fundai'nental frequenciesbeinzg` shown in between the sitj- `full potential of the battery 03* topass into the suf'zceedinp;Y cable or other apparatus. The circuit forproducing` these elements maybe described as follows: In this case Weemploy tivo what may be termed signal re- The relay S1 is connected toone of the outer segments Z3 ,by Wire Q5.

The other relay sais connected to the other opposite segment ai* by wire26. these Wires being further connected to battery m2 by the commonbattery wire 2T and thence 'iroiiiliattermi?2 by the Wire 9 to thetongue or moif'ingf;

contacte2 of the receiver c. lVhenever the tongue c2 moves to one of theouter contacts cl3 or d* it Willbe seen that either one or the otherr ofthe relays al and s2 will he operated and will close a circuit throughWires 28 and 29 and the armature of either ot .aid relays which vvillshunt the resistance rl and transmit a signal impulse of' the sainecurrent flow as that initially transmitted to the cable.

In Fig. asimilar circuit is shown in which the signal relay s1 isoperated from either of the outer contacts (Z3 and (Z4 through a batterym8 and Wires Qzand ln this case, however, the signal impulses to operatethe; printer is transmitted by this relav-s1 from the Contact ofv saidrelay` through i 28'to the distribiuinghand f1 of the distributor; fthence back through the common battery fire 29 and battery m9 throughthe armature ofi the relay S1. lnasmuchiasthe distributor. is operatedbythe fundamental frequencies or. reversals the signal current will besupplied tu 'che exact segment of the distributor which is to receivethat particular signal impulse in settingup of the letter combinations.

It will be-understood that -alienevei a signalimpulse is transmittei'lthe movable con tact c2 of the receiver' c f'ill pass over one of theinner segments Z1 an-'l Z2 of the dri n CZ in order to contact with theouter seginei .s Z3 and CZ4 so that the fundamental frequencies orreversals Will be transmitted in either case Whether there is a signaliii'ipulse or not and thus the distributing apparatus for the Finalsignal impulses will be operatedbj-,f this fundamental frequency JWhether there is signal impulse or Wheiner there is not.

ln Fig. 2 l have shown a somewhat modified form of repeating stationwith means for regenerating the impulses Whether they are fundamentalfrequencies or signal impulses. rlfliis may be desirable-When a largenumber of repeating stations are used which might tend to distortimpulses passing through them.

ln this arrangement l ein-ploy in conne-ction with the-receiving devicesuch as shown in Fig. 1 a tuned vibrating device such asa tuning forkwhich is arranged to be vibrated by the fundamental frequencies andliegt in phase therewith andto .supply the fundamental frequencies asWell as the signal impulses to the succeeding cableor apparatus. By thisarrangement it may be desirable to use the usual tuning` fork or othercontrolling devices :at the transniiitng station to keep the fundamentalfrequencies constant.

ln F 2 the receiving relay c having a movable tongue cl and the rotatingdrum Z with the segments cZl, (Z2, (Z3 and (Z4 are einployed as before.l also preferably employ three polar relays e2, e and et which are incircuit with the tongue c2 divided battery and the segn'ients d1 and Z2ot the rotating drum CZ so that each of these relays Will be operated inone direction or the other in mi@ weeg-40.4

baclrto the'tonoiue c2 the. circuit beinfftraced t'roin the segments Z1and Z2 through wires 30 or 3l.r and one-hall the batt-ery m5, wireflQand the relays e2, e3 and e* and wir 3S to the tongue c2.

The relayV e2 has one contact in circuit-With a battery 001 and a magnetm of a tuning fork 71 through Wires 34 and 35, relav conf tact andarmature and wire 3&5 to battery. A. variable condensercl shortcircuited through resistance 1G10 and the other relay contact employedin the usual Way so that the charging and discharging of the'condenserwill operate themagnet: m to insure constant vibration or" the 'tuningforli ./i/L. On oncles; orn the tuning forli is adapted by itsvibrations to close a circuit from ground at g through the back contacton relay e3, Wire 3'?, resistance r, battery ai, contact on relay c@Wire 3t3.to the sta:w tionary contacts onv either sideot themovablecontact Ztl and through .said contact Zal a i wire Sil to :icceeding cable or other device to which the impulses are to betransmitted. i

fis the relays e3 and e4 are operated by the fundamental frequenciestheir respective contacts will be reversed and the fundamentalfrequencies Will be sent frombattery fu through resistance r inoppositedirections as heretofore described, *he operation ot' relays c3and @tin this respect being the same the relays Z) and 61 .in thetransmitting mechanism previously describedand shown in Fig. 1.

Zhen a signal impulse is transmitted the tongue c2 moving' to the-cutersegment (Z3 or Z4 Will operate the signal relay 31 fr oiiiy battery aanand thus shunt thev resistance r in the manner heretoforedescribedand'cause the signal impulse in phase ivitl'ithe particular reversal topass to the succeedingcable or other apparatus through the contact Zz?ofthe tuning; fori; ZL over the circuit last described so-that beth thefundamental and signa frequencies repeated and regenerated throughthecontac /izl on lthe timing fork.

In Fig. ,3 I have shou'n means for supplementing the 'lfundamentalfrequencies operating'the tongue (f2 by means of local battery impulses.rEllis is accomplished by supplyingI to the tuning torl: Zi a contactarm 7b2 on the opposite legI of said foi-l: from con tact Ztl. This armis adapted to vibratebetween cont-actsconnected to opposite ends ofdivided battery as which is connected through variable resistance r11 byVire l0 to a separate coil c on the receiver c, thencel by Wire Lll tocontact it?. As the fork is vibrated the Contact Zi? puts positive andnegative impulses to the vcoil c so as toliv-idedibattery m5, respectiverelays a contact. Ztl Whichlis Sli ilu

supplement the fundamental impulses coming over the cable and insure thepositive action of the tongue c? on the revolving drum d. These impulsesmaybe properly adjusted this plan of telegrapliing in Fig. 5 Wherevmeans for sending two separate messages through separate channels areshown. The apparatus for sending fundamental impulses and the signalimpulses are the same as shown in Fig. 1, but in this case the polechanger a is also used as a channel distributor byconnecting therespective segments al and a2 to the rotating brushes of tive unit codedistributors marked 1 and 2 the segment al being connected to the brushof distributor 1 by Wire 42 and the segment a2 connected tothe rotatingbrush of distributor 2 by Wire 4:3. The rotating hand or brush a3 on thedistributor `LWill be mechanically connected to the rotating l hands orbrushes of the distributors l and 2 so that the brush a3 Will make oneyhalf revolution foreach step of segment in the distributors 1 and 2.There will be conn-ected to the respective segments of the` distributorsthe usual multiplex transmitter operated automatically through punchedtape in the usual Way sothat different elements making up variousletters v'vill vbe transmitted as the distributor is rotated. Thecontact or pee-ker pin of these multiplex transmitters will whenoperated close-a circuit through signal relays s3 and s4 by the Wires44s and 45 so that whenever one of the con` tacts' in either multiplextransmitter is operated the signal'relay 83 or s4 connected to thatparticular transmitter will be op erated to send the signal impulse. Selong as there are no signal impulses the fundamental frequeneies Will berepeated into the cable through the pole changer a as before.

- Assuming` a multiplex transmitter was operated to send code units 1, 3and 5 toy disvtributorNo. 1 then at each revolution of No. are operatedthe corresponding signal relay s4 would be operated and fundamentalfrequencies passing from the'rotating brush.

a3 to segment a2 would receive the signal impulses and be transmittedthrough the proper segments 2 and 3 on,v distributor No. .2.

It will be understood that these multiplex transmitters' are operated inthe usual Way. In fact apparatus now in use. can be used Without4 anychange when incorporated in the circuits as described. At the right ofFig. 5 I have shown the circuits for applying these impulses bothfundemental frequencies and signal impulses to tivo ormore printersoperated by the usual channel distributors.,

The receiver c with its movable tongue c2, receiving drum d'wvith itssegments are employed-as before with apolarized relay e2 operating fromthe divided battery m5.

This relay re2 is adapted to operate step by step mechanism f2, f3 andf4 for operating the printer distributors the same as shown inyFig. 4except in this casethere aretwo distributorsboth operated from the samemechanism and rotating together. ,These distributors it will bev seen,therefore, operate one step for each impulse of fundamental frequency`andare continuously operating. The signal` relay s1 operated frombattery m8 from the outer contacts Z3 and d* is employed as before andit is adapted to close thecir'cuit from battery m9 through common`battery Wire 29 from the respective printers. vThe circuit to therespective distributor brushes, of the printer distributors passesthrough a channel distributor ed,

the rotary lbrush [c of which will be on the same shaft with therotatingbrushes of the respective printing distributors No. 1 and No. 2. rIhetwo .segments 'k1 and 7a2 of the channel distributor cd will beconnected to the brushes of the respectiveprinter distributors No.1andNo. 2. As these distributors operate a step by step movement, thebrush c will make five steps on one segment and then five steps on theother segment. These respective movements being effected by thefundamental frequencies will valways be in phase with the transmittingdevices and if code units should cause the signal impulses to be appliedto signal distributor No. lcthey would be received on printerdistributor No. 1 through rotating brush 7c and the channel distributor761. `If the signal impulses are supplied to signal distributor No. 2Athese signals would bei supplied to printer distributor No. '2 throughthe segment 7a2 and these signal impulses Would be used to set up theprinting mechanism in the usual Way.

In Fig I have shovvn a modication at a receiving or repeating stationwhich may be employed .on land'vlines or Kcondueters high tfoltage be Inthis Lili v(Si) with and the signal-relay s1 in with the'i'uiids'inenta-l frequencies relays e3 and e4 is adjusted by springtension so as to be operated only ivlien an impulse of increasedpotentiel is received frein the line in rwhich l cese the resistance .mwill be shunted yas be- `foreiend the iinpulf-:e appliecl'tovtlifundamental frequency als before described. This Sarrsnge'nient ivliilecapable lof being used on 'conductors Where high voltage `en'iplo3?"edmight netbe adepied ferceble use "it 1ere-'the 'potential inust beile'ptwitliin 'cer tain limits but Where'liighpetentiel can be 'appliedes e al inini se VWould"pre'lziably be indefto Worn satisfactorily.

In Fig. "i' fliers shown a 'further ineditictioneta receiving;l or reiLting station in. 'which two'receiving c 'a're employed Ven'diiiithisWelytli'erotsting'druni end iii'iil- Ttiple"coiitaets are dispensed with.@ne of thesereleys would" are tlie respective 'con- "tiectsadjustedso'thet the tongue c2 would cont-act oncitlier o-ne or'tlieother side by the fundamental frequencyy or-reversel. `other relay'would liarethis Contact so i jiisted 'tiret While the respectivetonguesof this receiver inove in unison the signal ley i'vould inaleContact only when a signal Vii'npulse cornes through. 'En this therelay-et the frightY 'would' t'ia'n'sniit the 'funda- 'ineitall"freipieircies frein battery-'w 1 Vthe sunie'nia'nner as beforeAdescribes through resistance r andthe signal relay s? operated bysignaliinpulse uf'illfshiint resistance? and cerise 'the signalinipulses to be repeated in the saine inanncr aslieretoforedescribed.

Further modifications nis-y Ibe employed Wliicli would readily suggest'themselves. Yln fact the Aen herein describe-l is capable of use iv'itlil apparatus of'variouslrinds vtlii'c'li is noivin general use.lnesin'uch es the fundamental frequencies are'being sent intoftlievconductor continuously duplex belance ivill be more easily maintained.Both the V'transinitting and receii'ingrelays are operetingconstantly,lience there-is'no Zero and the inertia of the yreceivingrelays is inuteriilly reduced, IIn connection with printerstli'e'epperetus at the repeetingstat-ions is very inaterielly reduced.,Syn'clironisin iiieehanis n es ordinarily Vused niay'b'e dispensed Withandthe apparatus stiepeatin'g stations for channel Working` may be verymaterially reduced. I

lu Fig. 5 l have omitted the usual relays iii connection With theniultiplex distributors for storing` up one or inore of the impulses togive'tlretraiisinitter tinieto advanceftlie tagpe. v.This is also trueof the printer distributor when certain impulses are stored up to givethe print-ing ineclienisin tinieto -fti `ieeeglise the art.

vllf'svingg' thus described n'iy invent-ion, I clain'i:

l. ifi inet-bod of operating 'printers in s ftelegrsph systein whichconsists in supplying to a conductor reversals of positive and`Inegative current impulses of one ypotential and utilizing; seidimpulses for operating' the vfd istibuting inechanisin and in supplyingnalii'npulses of the saine frequency and in phase ivithseidreversals efediereut potential to operate priA ting1 mechanism.

l2. In stelegrapli systeniyineens for 'conoiisly supp ying reversals ofpositiveend ii gstive 'impulses of one potentiel freni a Jirce ofdiree-tcurrent supply, seperate ineens forfsupplying signal impulses ofthe sanefrequency Vbutef differ it potentie-lin e ivitlrssid reversals,`printing` inecli-aniet a receiving` station rfliose 'distributor isoperated "by said reversals :ind Whose printing"mechanism is;operatedby' seid signal impulses.

ln e telegraph system, -a'source of direct current supply, means E'forsupplyingl continuous reversals of positive and'negative iinpulses ofone potentiel `'from said source of snpplyand vsigne-l ineclianisin :forsending' signal iinpulses of-the saine frequency' in phase withandtoincreasefthepoteitial of certsini'of seidreversils,'receivinginech- 'anisinets reeeivingstation vsith nieanstorepeatsaid Vreversals to operate on'e'set of mechanism and'to repeatsaid signal impulse in pbase'tliereivitliito opcrate'otlierineclianisni.

ln s vtelegraph system, a niet-lied of operating printing;lii'ieeiianisin which consistsin" supplying to-a conductor continuous`reversals ofV positiv end i-ie-ggutire impulses of 'current of onepotential idcuiplojfinej l rcversalsto operate repeat: inecliaiiisni andsupplying signal iinpuliies'of the saine frequency but of a differentpotential in phase with said'rerersa'ls Afor signalling' purposes, andrepeating saidieverssls and signal impulses to operate printing;mecha.-nisin.

lii va telegraph srs ein in which con-- tiiinous reversals of positive:ii l negative impulses of one'potenf 'are supplied to a conduct-or,vineens lfor Njpplying al pulsesof the seine xqueiicybui o a d ferentpotential in phase ritli said rever.- repeatingineclizinisni comprising1a vibratiub transmitter operatediby said reversals and sip'n'aliinpulses to repeat both reversals and sig Aalsfroin s separat source ofsupply,

(i. The iii-etliod ofk repeating and regenerating signalsV in etelegraph systein which consists insupplyingto a conductor continuou-freversals of positive end negative impulses of one potentie` and signalimpulses of the same frequency butof a diferent potential in phase Withsaid reversals utilizing said reversals for operating a repeating devicein phase With said reversals and causing said repeating device to sendreversals and signal impulses of the saine frequency from a separatesource of supplyin phase with the reversals and signal impulsesoriginally supplied to said conductor. l

7. In a system of repeating and regeneratingsignals a vibratingrepeating device operated by and in'phase With constantly suppliedcurrent reversals of positive and negative impulses of one potentialmeans for supplying signal impulses of the same frequency but of adifferent potential in phase with said reversals and causing thevibrating repeater to repeat the reversals and signal impulses from aseparate source of current supply as set forth.

8. In a telegraph system in combination with a transmitting device fortransmitting signal impulses, a constantly moving pole' changing devicetransmitting relays controlled by said device tosend reversalsof onepotential from said source of supply, said transmitter and pole changingdevice being so connected that the signal impulses from said transmitterWill be supplied in phase with the positive or negative reversals withmeans for increasingtlie potential of the signal impulses and areceiving mechanism operating at different amplitudes in response tosaid reversals and said signal impulses and by the different amplitudesto repeat said reversals to one set of mechanism and the signal impulsesto other mechanism.

9. ln a system of telegraphing, continuously operating mechanism forsendingV `fundamental impulses ofY positive and negative character andof one potential but of the saine frequency from a source of directcurrent supply, additional means for supplying signal impulses of adifferent poten- `tial in phase with said fundamental impulses,

print-ing mechanismat a receiving station andk means for operating thedistributor ofsaid printing mechanism by the fundamental impulses andcausing the signal impulsesy to be distributed to said printer.

l0. In a telegraph system in which current impulses of a fundamentalfrequency and of one potential are supplied constantly to a conductorand signalling impulses of a different potential supplied in phase Withysaid fundamental impulses, a receiving device operatingat differentamplitudes in response to said fundamental impulses and said signalimpulses and means controlled by said `fundamental impulses to sendimpulses from a separate source of supply to said receiver to reinforcethe fundamental impulses from said conductor to said receiver.

ll. In a telegraph system in which a receiving device is caused to movecontinuously at one amplitude in response to fundainental impulses ofone potential andto a greater :unplitudeby impulses of increasedpotential` in phase with said fundamentalimpulses, andA a separate coilin said receiver, means for supplying current impulses from adifferentsource to said coil in phase With said fundamental frequenciesas set forth.

l2. In a telegraph system in which current reversals of one potentialare supplied constantly to a conductor and signal impulses of a diferentpotential supplied to certain of said reversals in phase therewith, arelay operated by said current reversals and signal impulses andrepeating mechanism embodying a tuning fork Whose vibrations arecontrolled by reversals from said relay to repeat both the reversals andsignal impulses and separate means on said tuning fork for supplyingimpulses in phase With said reversals to the relay, as set forth. n y13.VIn a telegraph system, means for supplying' current impulses ofpositive and negative character from a direct source of supply throughresistance to a conductor, a signal transmitter in step With saidreversal sending mechanism with v means operated thereby lfor shuntingthe resistance when a signalimpulse is to be transmitted, receivingmechanism moved by said current re-` versals to one position and to adifferent position by said signal impulses to cause said reversals to betransmitted to one set of mechanism and said signalv impulses to aVdifferent set of mechanism.

14. In a telegraph system, means for sup- 'plying current reversals froma source of direct current supply, a signal transmitter in step withsaid reversal sending mechanism with means for increasing the potentialof one or. more of said reversals when a signal impulse is to betransmitted, receiving mechanism moved to one position by said currentreversals and to a diiferent position by said signal impulses to causesaid reversals toV kbe transmitted to one set of mechanism and saidsignal impulses toa different set of mechanism.

l5. In ak system of telegraphy, continuously operating mechanism forsending current reversals from a source of direct current supply, asignal transmitter in step with said reversal sending mechanism forchanging the potential of one or more of the current reversals,receiving mechanism moved to one position by said normal currentreversals and to a different position by the increased potential ofcertain reversals, and a printer connected tok said receivingmechanisms@ thatY the normal reversals are supplied to and operateA thedistributor of `said printer and the signal impulses are transmitted toVand operate the recording mechanismof said printer.

16. In a telegraph system, the combination 'with a direct source ofcurrent supply, of a pole changer and a signa-l transmitterinechanically connected to operate in step one With the other, and meansconnected with d said transmitter to chance the potential o1" certain ofsaid reversals Iol signalling purposes, and a printer having adistributor oper'ated by said normal` reversals, and' a printingmechanism operated by the increased potential from said signaltransmitter. 1U

In testimony whereof, l'. have hereunto set my hand this 20th yoa'y ofJune T9245.

WTILLAM M. BRUCE, JR.

